Install the Redirect contributed module. It adds a simple interface for creating 301 and 302 redirects between paths.
After installing, go to Configuration then URL redirects and click Add redirect. Enter the source path, the destination, the redirect status code, and any language or other options. Save, and the redirect takes effect immediately.
Redirect also integrates with Pathauto, automatically creating redirects when URLs change due to updated aliases. This prevents broken links when editors edit content titles that affect the URL. For bulk redirects, the module supports CSV import and export, which is invaluable during content migrations. Redirect is one of the first modules I install on any new Drupal site. It handles a common need elegantly and saves countless hours compared to managing redirects at the server level.