Update Drupal core using Composer with the command composer update drupal/core-recommended –with-dependencies. This pulls in the latest compatible version along with any dependencies that need updating.
After updating the code, run database updates either through Drush with drush updatedb or by visiting update.php in your browser. Then clear caches to make sure everything is running the new version.
Always test updates on a staging environment first. Back up your database and files before running any update on production. For minor version updates within the same major branch, the process is usually painless. Major version upgrades like moving from 10 to 11 need more planning, especially around contrib module compatibility and deprecated code in custom modules.